and collections from the old sites of Nambé, Pojuaque, and Cuyamunque, in which he was quite successful.

From the pueblos north of Santa Fé we traveled direct to Cochití, 27 miles southwest of Santa Fé. This village is situated on the right bank of the Rio Grande and about three miles from Peña Blanca, a small Mexican town opposite. Here a very interesting collection was secured consisting mostly of pottery, many of the vessels simulating animal forms, variously ornamented with representations of some varieties of the flora of the locality. A few stone implements were also obtained here.

We next visited Jémez, situated on the Rio Jémez. From thence we went to Silla and Santa Ana. At each of these villages representative collections were made, all of which are referred to in detail in the catalogue.

The next villages visited were Santo Domingo and Sandia, on the Rio Grande. Some characteristic specimens were obtained at each of these pueblos. The method of their manufacture and the manner of using them are generally the same as in most of the other pueblos.

A small collection of rude stone hammers was obtained from the turquois mine in the Cerrillo Mountains, about 25 miles from Santa Fé.

The products of this celebrated mine, which were objects of traffic all over New Mexico, as well as contiguous countries, probably formed one inducement which led to the Spanish conquest of this region. The turquoises from this mine have always been valued as ornaments by the Indians of New Mexico, and carried far and wide for sale by them. The mine was worked in a most primitive manner with these rude stone hammers, a number of which were secured.

The collections are all now in the National Museum for study and inspection.

The following sketch is introduced here to show the method of using the batten stick represented in Fig. 546. There is not a family among the Pueblos or Navajos that does not possess the necessary implements for weaving blankets, belts and garters. Figs. 500-502 will convey an idea of the variety in design and coloring which prevails in this class of Indian fabrics, while Fig. 710 represents a blanket weaver at work. The picture is taken from a photograph made on the spot by Mr. Hillers, and is colored in accordance with the actual colors of the yarns and threads used in its manufacture.

Fig. 710. THE BLANKET WEAVER.

The particular class of blankets represented in this illustration is woven in the estufas, and is used almost exclusively in sacred dances and ceremonies of the tribe, all other garments being made in the houses or in the open air. The Navajos are celebrated for their skill as blanket weavers, and the Mokis are equally skilled in the manufacture of a finer class of the same article, which is much sought after by the surrounding tribes for ornamental purposes in sacred and other dances.

The vertical threads, as shown in the figure, are the warp threads; the coarser thread which is inserted transversely between these is the yarn or weft. The three rods in the center of the blanket are lease rods, which are introduced among the threads of the warp to separate them and thus facilitate the insertion of the weft thread. These rods are each passed in front of one warp thread and behind another, alternately, across the whole warp, and between each rod the threads are brought from the back of one to the front of the next, and vice versa. The bar held in hands of the weaver serves as a batten for driving or beating the weft thread into the angle formed by the crossed warp threads.

This loom resembles in principle the ancient Egyptian, Grecian, and French looms which are described on pages 55 to 62 of “The History and Principles of Weaving by Hand and Power,” by A. Barlow, London, 1878, and on pages 41 to 45 of the “Treatise on Weaving and Designing of Textile Fabrics,” by Thomas E. Ashenhurst, Bradford, England, 1881. See also pp. 200 to 208, Vol. II, of the “Cotton Manufacture of Great Britain,” by A. Ure, London, 1861.

COLLECTIONS FROM CUYAMUNQUE.

ARTICLES OF STONE.

RUBBING STONES.

(Used as rubbers in grinding corn on metates.)

1-3. 1, (46506); 2, (46507); 3, (46517). Basalt.

4, (46510). Sandstone.

5, (46512). Conglomerate.

6-9. 6, (46513); 7, (46514); 8, (46515); 9, (46516). Mica schist.

10-11. 10, (46518); 11, (46529). Of hornblende schist; these are elongate and intended to be used with both hands.

12-13. 12, (46508); 13, (46567). Quartzite metates.

14-15. 14, (46509); 15, (46511). Sandstone metates, the latter but little used and almost flat.

16, (46551). Rubbing stone of andesite.

17-24. 17, (46555); 18, (46556); 19, (46557); 20, (46558); 21, (46561); 22, (46563); 23, (46569); 24, (46559). Small smoothing stone mostly of quartzite, one or two only of basalt. These are bowlders weighing from one to three pounds, rounded by natural agencies, and selected by the natives to be used for smoothing and polishing purposes. When much used they are worn down flat on one side, the side used being worn off, just as the rubbing stone in the old process of preparing paint.

25-26. 25, (46519); 26, (46520). Unfinished celts of basalt.

27, (46521). Crude hoe or adze of mica schist.

28, (46522). Schist stone with groove for smoothing arrow shaft, and hole for rounding point.

29-31. 29, (46523); 30, (46524); 31, (46525). Crude stone implements, supposed to be used for digging.

32-34. 32, (46526); 33, (46527); 34, (46528). Very crude stone implements, probably used for pounding.

35, (46530). Double-handled baking stone; basalt. The use of stones of this kind will be more particularly noticed hereafter.

36, (46531). Broken rounded mortar; basalt.

37, (47532). A small, oblong, mortar-shaped vessel of lava. The width three inches, length when unbroken was probably four and a half inches; width of inside two inches, length probably three and one-fourth inches, depth of cavity three-fourths of an inch. On the portion remaining there are four feet; originally there were doubtless six. On one side is a projection or handle similar in form and size to the feet.

38-54. 38, (46533); 39, (46534); 40, (46535); 41, (46536); 42, (46537); 43, (46538); 44, (46539); 45, (46550); 46, (46552); 47, (46553); 48, (46554); 49, (46560); 50, (46562); 51, (46565); 52, (46566); 53, (46568); 54, (47571). Pounding or hammer stones, some of them simple cobble stones, others with marks of slight preparation for use by chipping off or rubbing down prominences.

55, (46540). Sandstone with smoothed surface and groove for smoothing arrow shafts.

56-64. 56, (46541); 57,