قراءة كتاب Noteworthy Mammals from Sinaloa, Mexico
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the species from Sinaloa, and is tentatively referred to this subspecies. It resembles cranially, but is paler than, Californian specimens seen of teliotis.
Molossus ater nigricans Miller.—This large free-tailed bat previously has been reported no farther north in western México than the type locality, Acaponeta, Nayarit. Nineteen specimens from four different localities in Sinaloa are as follows: 1 mi. SE Camino Reál, 400 ft. (85093-99); 32 mi. SSE Culiacán (61279-87); 1 mi. S Pericos (61277-78); ½ mi. E Piaxtla (61288). The specimens labeled with reference to Camino Reál and Piaxtla were obtained along the Río Piaxtla at approximately the same place. Those from 1 mi. S Pericos extend the known range of the species approximately 225 miles northwestward.
M. a. nigricans is characteristically an early flier. Along the Río Piaxtla, 1 mi. SE Camino Reál, where bats probably found daytime retreats in the rocky walls of the steep-sided valley of the river, individuals first appeared early in the evening when the sun was still on the western horizon, but were gone before other species of bats were seen. A female from 32 mi. SSE Culiacán, taken on June 18, 1954, contained one embryo that was 18 mm. in crown-rump length. Each of the color phases of the species, reddish (8) and black (11), are represented among our specimens. We follow Goodwin (1960) in the use of the specific name ater for this bat.
Dasypus novemcinctus mexicanus Peters.—Two armadillos (85402-03) from the valley of the Río del Fuerte, 3 mi. NE San Miguel, 300 ft., are the first of the species to be reported from northern Sinaloa. They extend the known range northwestward in the state approximately 285 miles from Escuinapa (Russell, 1953:25) and signal the possible occurrence of D. n. mexicanus in southern Sonora. Sign of the armadillo was abundant at the place where our two specimens were collected. Because it was felt that the species possibly had been introduced along the Río del Fuerte, a number of local residents were questioned on the point, but all insisted that armadillos were native to the area.
External measurements of 85402 (female) and 85403 (male) are, respectively, as follows: total length, 725, 748; length of tail, 351, 357; length of hind foot, 87, 89; length of ear from notch, 39, 39.
Sylvilagus audubonii goldmani (Nelson).—This cottontail has been reported from Sinaloa only from Bacubirito, Culiacán (type locality), and Sinaloa (Nelson, 1909:226). Additional records are: 12 mi. N Culiacán (67561-62); 6 mi. N El Dorado (75263); 6 mi. N, 1½ mi. E El Dorado (75264-66); 7 mi. NE El Fuerte (81076-77); and 1 mi. S Pericos (61292-93). Specimens from the vicinity of El Dorado extend the known range some 30 miles southward from the type locality. A female from 1 mi. S Pericos that was taken on June 13, 1954, carried three embryos that measured 29 mm. in crown-rump length.
Sciurus truei Nelson.—Three specimens (61300-02) of this species collected by A. A. Alcorn on June 19, 1954, 32 mi. SSE Culiacán extend the known range approximately 210 miles south-southeast from Guirocoba, Sonora (Burt, 1938:38), and provide the first record from Sinaloa. Two of the specimens are females and each was pregnant, one with two embryos and the other with three.
Our specimens generally agree in color with S. truei, but are larger than typical individuals and in this respect approach S. sinaloensis of southern Sinaloa. Probably truei and sinaloensis both are only subspecies of the more southerly S. colliaei. The three nominal species currently constitute the S. colliaei group in which the presence or absence of P3 seems to vary geographically. The tooth frequently is absent in the northern truei and usually present (invariably in the specimens we have examined) in colliaei. Only one of our Sinaloan specimens is accompanied by a skull; in it P3 is present on the right side and absent on the left.
External measurements of the male and two females are, respectively: total length, 512, 508, 504; length of tail, 263, 263, 252; length of hind foot, 64, 63, 64; length of ear from notch, 28, 29, 28. Cranial measurements of 61300 (a female) are: greatest length of skull, 56.2; zygomatic breadth, 32.6; interorbital constriction, 17.9; postorbital constriction, 17.9; length of nasals, 17.3; alveolar length of maxillary tooth-row (on side lacking P3), 10.9.
Thomomys umbrinus atrovarius J. A. Allen.—Two specimens (85104-05) from the valley of the Río Piaxtla, 1 mi. SE Camino Reál, 400 ft., resemble the description of atrovarius and agree in size, color and most cranial details with a specimen (85744) from 5 mi. NW Mazatlán. The first-mentioned specimens extend the known range of the subspecies some 50 miles northward from Mazatlán (Bailey, 1915:96), and indicate the probable occurrence of the species at lower elevations in other parts of central Sinaloa.
Peromyscus merriami goldmani Osgood.—This subspecies has been reported previously only from the type locality, Alamos, Sonora. Eight specimens were collected in Sinaloa by W. L. Cutter in the autumn of 1957 as follows: 6 mi. N, 1½ mi. E El Dorado (75368-72); 2½ mi. N El Fuerte (75365-66); El Fuerte (75367). The first-mentional locality is approximately 200 miles south-south-east of the type locality. All specimens collected by Cutter were taken in lowland areas, supporting remarks by Commissaris (1960) concerning habitat preferences of P. merriami as compared with those of the closely related P. eremicus.
Two of three females from northeast of El Dorado were pregnant on November 18 and 19; one carried four embryos (8 mm. in crown-rump length) and the other three (11 mm.).
External and cranial measurements of P. m. goldmani previously were known only for the holotype (Osgood, 1909:252, 267). Measurements of five adults, a male (75370) and four females (75365, 75369, 75371-72) are, respectively, as follows: total length, 204, 225, 215, 214, 210; length of tail, 105, 120, 110, 108, 109; length of hind foot, 21, 23, 23, 22, 22; length of ear from notch, 21, 21, 21, 20, 21; weight in grams, 29, 19, 35 (pregnant), 33, 34 (pregnant); greatest length of skull, 26.6, 26.5, 26.9, 26.5,——; zygomatic breadth, 13.8, 13.9, 14.1, 13.4,——; interorbital constriction, 3.9, 3.8, 4.0, 4.0,——; mastoid breadth, 11.8, 11.9, 11.8, 11.9, 11.5; length of nasals, 10.1, 9.4, 10.0, 10.0,——; length of maxillary tooth-row, 4.5, 4.3, 4.1, 4.1, 4.1.
Onychomys torridus yakiensis Merriam.—Only one specimen of this grasshopper mouse has been reported previously from Sinaloa (from the town of Sinaloa by Hollister, 1914:471). Thirteen specimens in the Museum of Natural History better define the range of the species in the state as follows: 12 mi. N Culiacán (67981-82); 6 mi. N, 1½ mi. E El Dorado (75374-80); 2½ mi. N El Fuerte (75373); 1 mi. S Pericos (62118-20). The individuals from northeast of El Dorado extend the known range of the species some 115 miles south-southeast from Sinaloa.
A female taken on November 17, 1957, from 6 mi. N, 1½ mi. E El Dorado carried two embryos that measured 23 mm. in crown-rump length. A female obtained on November 18 at the same place carried four embryos that measured 10 mm.
Neotoma albigula melanura Merriam.—Four specimens from northern Sinaloa, two (85379-80) from 3 mi. N, 1 mi. E San Miguel, 350 ft., and two (75386-87) from 2½ mi. N El Fuerte, provide the first records of the species from the state. N. a. melanura has been known previously from adjacent parts of Sonora and Chihuahua (see Hall and Kelson, 1959:687-688). The specimens from northeast of San Miguel were trapped in runways under cholla cactus, in which nests