Europe." (Small). Found in all kinds of places; honey yield not important; some pollen. June to August.*

"Mountains of Western Texas." (Coulter). Honey yield early but not abundant; also pollen helps early brood rearing. Hunter; waste fields and fertile prairies. Honey yield early, but not abundant; also pollen; helps early brood rearing. February.*

Cultivated and sometimes escaped; bees work on the blossoms, honey and pollen. June and July.*

Cultivated and escaped; bees sometimes busy on it. June and July.*

College: cultivated on Apiary Experimental plats. Honey yield good; plants not plentiful enough for surplus. June and July.*

Cultivated in ornamental flower beds. Honey yield good as it comes during time when few others in bloom; also abundance of highly colored pollen, red, orange and yellows. June until frost.*

"A common European Mediterranean shrub which seems to have escaped in many places in Texas." (Coulter). "On roadsides, in thickets and waste places; warmer parts of Southern United States, naturalized from Southern Europe." (Small). College Station; cultivated ornamental shrub bees worked well on it, but number of trees scarce. May and June.*

"Common on prairies and in valleys." (Coulter). Hunter; prairies and lowlands. Honey yield not important; some pollen. May and June. A good pollen yielder during May at College Station.*

"From Rio Grande to the Colorado and Northeastward." (Coulter). In lowlands and along streams. June and July.* "Plentiful along Comal and Guadalupe rivers, New Braunfels, Texas. Not important." (E. Scholl).

"In various situations New Jersey and Pennsylvania to Florida and Texas." (Small). Cultivated ornamental, in gardens and parks; honey yield not important and plants few, but bees work busily on it; honey and pollen. May to Sept.*

"In cultivated grounds, waste places on roadsides, New York to Iowa, Florida and Texas. Widely distributed in the tropics." (Small). Waste places, fields and along roads; some honey and pollen; not important. June to August.*

"In dry soil Texas to Arizona; also in Mexico and tropical America." (Small). In dry soils; bees found upon it; yields pollen. June to August.*

Cultivated staple crop in the fields for fibre.