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§ 3. Alphabet writing 228 § 4. The place of writing in human life 229 Chapter XIX. Gods and Stars, Priests and Kings § 1. Nomadic and settled religion 232 § 2. The priest comes into history 234 § 3. Priests and the stars 238 § 4. Priests and the dawn of learning 240 § 5. King against priests 241 § 6. How Bel-Marduk struggled against the kings 245 § 7. The god-kings of Egypt 248 § 8. Shi Hwang-ti destroys the books 252 Chapter XX. Serfs, Slaves, Social Classes, and Free Individuals § 1. The common man in ancient times 254 § 2. The earliest slaves 256 § 3. The first “independent” persons 259 § 4. Social classes three thousand years ago 262 § 5. Classes hardening into castes 266 § 6. Caste in India 268 § 7. The system of the Mandarins 270 § 8. A summary of five thousand years 272 BOOK IV
JUDEA, GREECE, AND INDIA Chapter XXI. The Hebrew Scriptures and the Prophets § 1. The place of the Israelites in history 277 § 2. Saul, David, and Solomon 286 § 3. The Jews a people of mixed origin 292 § 4. The importance of the Hebrew prophets 294 Chapter XXII. The Greeks and the Persians § 1. The Hellenic peoples 298 § 2. Distinctive features of the Hellenic civilization 304