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قراءة كتاب The 1992 CIA World Factbook

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The 1992 CIA World Factbook

The 1992 CIA World Factbook

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المؤلف:
دار النشر: Project Gutenberg
الصفحة رقم: 8

    $0.017 million (f.o.b., 1986)
  commodities:
    electricity
  partners:
    France, Spain
Imports:
    $531 million (f.o.b., 1986)
  commodities:
    consumer goods, food
  partners:
    France, Spain
External debt:
    $NA
Industrial production:
    growth rate NA%
Electricity:
    35,000 kW capacity; 140 million kWh produced, 2,800 kWh per capita (1991)
Industries:
    tourism (particularly skiing), sheep, timber, tobacco, banking
Agriculture:
    sheep raising; small quantities of tobacco, rye, wheat, barley, oats, and
    some vegetables
Economic aid:
    none
Currency:
    French franc (plural - francs) and Spanish peseta (plural - pesetas); 1
    French franc (F) = 100 centimes and 1 Spanish peseta (Pta) = 100 centimos
Exchange rates:
    French francs (F) per US$1 - 5.3801 January (1992), 5.6421 (1991), 5.4453
    (1990), 6.3801 (1989), 5.9569 (1988), 6.0107 (1987); Spanish pesetas (Ptas)
    per US$1 - 100.02 (January 1992), 103.91 (1991), 101.93 (1990), 118.38
    (1989), 116.49 (1988), 123.48 (1987)
Fiscal year:
    calendar year

:Andorra Communications

Highways:
    96 km
Telecommunications:
    international digital microwave network; international landline circuits to
    France and Spain; broadcast stations - 1 AM, no FM, no TV; 17,700 telephones

:Andorra Defense Forces

Note: defense is the responsibility of France and Spain

:Angola Geography

Total area:
    1,246,700 km2
Land area:
    1,246,700 km2
Comparative area:
    slightly less than twice the size of Texas
Land boundaries:
    5,198 km total; Congo 201 km, Namibia 1,376 km, Zaire 2,511 km, Zambia 1,110
    km
Coastline:
    1,600 km
Maritime claims:
  Exclusive fishing zone:
    200 nm
  Territorial sea:
    20 nm
Disputes:
    civil war since independence on 11 November 1975; on 31 May 1991 Angolan
    President Jose Eduardo dos SANTOS and Jonas SAVIMBI, leader of the National
    Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA), signed a peace treaty
    that calls for multiparty elections in late September 1992, an
    internationally monitored cease-fire, and termination of outside military
    assistance
Climate:
    semiarid in south and along coast to Luanda; north has cool, dry season (May
    to October) and hot, rainy season (November to April)
Terrain:
    narrow coastal plain rises abruptly to vast interior plateau
Natural resources:
    petroleum, diamonds, iron ore, phosphates, copper, feldspar, gold, bauxite,
    uranium
Land use:
    arable land 2%; permanent crops NEGL%; meadows and pastures 23%; forest and
    woodland 43%; other 32%
Environment:
    locally heavy rainfall causes periodic flooding on plateau; desertification
Note:
    Cabinda is separated from rest of country by Zaire

:Angola People

Population:
    8,902,076 (July 1992), growth rate 2.7% (1992)
Birth rate:
    46 births/1,000 population (1992)
Death rate:
    19 deaths/1,000 population (1992)
Net migration rate:
    NEGL migrants/1,000 population (1992)
Infant mortality rate:
    152 deaths/1,000 live births (1992)
Life expectancy at birth:
    43 years male, 47 years female (1992)
Total fertility rate:
    6.6 children born/woman (1992)
Nationality:
    noun - Angolan(s); adjective - Angolan
Ethnic divisions:
    Ovimbundu 37%, Kimbundu 25%, Bakongo 13%, Mestico 2%,European 1%, other 22%
Religions:
    indigenous beliefs 47%, Roman Catholic 38%, Protestant 15% (est.)
Languages:
    Portuguese (official); various Bantu dialects
Literacy:
    42% (male 56%, female 28%) age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.)
Labor force:
    2,783,000 economically active; agriculture 85%, industry 15% (1985 est.)
Organized labor:
    about 450,695 (1980)

:Angola Government

Long-form name:
    People's Republic of Angola
Type:
    in transition from a one-party Marxist state to a multiparty democracy with
    a strong presidential system
Capital:
    Luanda
Administrative divisions:
    18 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Bengo, Benguela, Bie,
    Cabinda, Cuando Cubango, Cuanza Norte, Cuanza Sul, Cunene, Huambo, Huila,
    Luanda, Lunda Norte, Lunda Sul, Malanje, Moxico, Namibe, Uige, Zaire
Independence:
    11 November 1975 (from Portugal)
Constitution:
    11 November 1975; revised 7 January 1978, 11 August 1980, and 6 March 1991
Legal system:
    based on Portuguese civil law system and customary law; recently modified to
    accommodate multipartyism and increased use of free markets
National holiday:
    Independence Day, 11 November (1975)
Executive branch:
    president, prime minister, chairman of the Council of Ministers, Council of
    Ministers (cabinet)
Legislative branch:
    unicameral People's Assembly (Assembleia do Povo)
Judicial branch:
    Supreme Court (Tribunal da Relacaao)
Leaders:
  Chief of State:
    President Jose Eduardo dos SANTOS (since 21 September 1979)
  Head of Government:
    Prime Minister Fernando Jose Franca VAN DUNEM (since 21 July 1991)
Political parties and leaders:
    the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola - Labor Party (MPLA), led
    by Jose Eduardo dos SANTOS, is the ruling party that has been in power in
    Angola's one-party system since 1975. The National Union for the Total
    Independence of Angola (UNITA), led by Jonas SAVIMBI, has been in insurgency
    since 1975, but as a result of the peace accords is now a legally recognized
    political party. Some 30 other political parties now exist in Angola, but
    few of them are viable and only a couple have met the requirements to become
    legally recognized.
Suffrage:
    universal at age 18
Elections:
    first nationwide, multiparty elections to be held between September and
    November 1992
Member of:
    ACP, AfDB, CCC, CEEAC (observer), ECA, FAO, FLS, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, IFAD,
    ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, ITU, LORCS, NAM, OAU, SADCC, UN,
    UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation:
    none; note - US Liaison Office (USLO) established after Peace Accords in May
    1991 as a precursor to establishing an embassy after election in 1992;
    address - Luanda (USLO), BPA Building, llth floor, telephone [244] (2)
    39-02-42; FAX [244] (2) 39-05-15
Flag:
    two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and black with a centered yellow
    emblem consisting of a five-pointed star within half a cogwheel crossed by a
    machete (in the style of a hammer and sickle)

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