You are here
قراءة كتاب A Survey of Russian Literature, with Selections
تنويه: تعرض هنا نبذة من اول ١٠ صفحات فقط من الكتاب الالكتروني، لقراءة الكتاب كاملا اضغط على الزر “اشتر الآن"
A Survey of Russian Literature, with Selections
The Project Gutenberg eBook, A Survey of Russian Literature, with Selections, by Isabel Florence Hapgood
Title: A Survey of Russian Literature, with Selections
Author: Isabel Florence Hapgood
Release Date: April 3, 2007 [eBook #20980]
Language: English
Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A SURVEY OF RUSSIAN LITERATURE, WITH SELECTIONS***
E-text prepared by David Starner, Karina Aleksandrova,
and the Project Gutenberg Online Distributed Proofreading Team
(http://www.pgdp.net)
Transcriber's Notes
- The Russian names normally do not have any accents; in this book they appear to represent the emphasized syllable. The use of accents has been standardized.
- Corrected the division into stanzas for a poem "God" (O Thou eternal One! whose presence bright) on page 94. The translator used nine lines where ten lines were used in the original Russian poem.
- Several misprints and punctuation errors corrected. Hover over underlined word in the text to see the corrections made. A list of corrections can be found at the end of the text.
- Footnotes moved to chapter-ends.
CHURCH OF THE CATACOMBS MONASTERY AT KIEV.
A Survey of Russian Literature, with Selections
BY
ISABEL F. HAPGOOD
AUTHOR OF
"RUSSIAN RAMBLES," AND "THE EPIC SONGS OF RUSSIA"
NEW YORK CHAUTAUQUA SPRINGFIELD CHICAGO
The Chautauqua Press
MCMII
Copyright, 1902, by
THE CHAUTAUQUA PRESS
The Lakeside Press, Chicago, Ill., U. S. A.
R. R. Donnelley & Sons Company
CONTENTS
- The Ancient Period, from the Earliest Times to the Introduction of Christianity in 988 1
- The Ancient Period, from the Introduction of Christianity to the Tatár Dominion, 988-1224 39
- Second Period, from the Tatár Dominion to the Time of Iván the Terrible, 1224-1330 47
- Third Period, from the Time of Iván the Terrible, 1530, to the Middle of the Seventeenth Century 50
- Fourth Period, from the Middle of the Seventeenth Century to the Epoch of Reform under Peter the Great 61
- Fifth Period, the Reign of Peter the Great, 1689-1723 66
- Sixth Period, the Reign of Katherine II. 1762-1796 80
- Seventh Period, from Púshkin to the Writers of the Forties 123
- Seventh Period: Gontcharóff, Grigoróvitch, Turgéneff 161
- Seventh Period: Ostróvsky, A. K. Tolstóy, Polónsky, Nekrásoff, Shevtchénko, and Others 181
- Dostoévsky 212
- Seventh Period: Danilévsky, Saltykóff, L. N. Tolstóy, Górky, and Others 229
PREFACE.
In this volume I have given exclusively the views of Russian critics upon their literature, and hereby acknowledge my entire indebtedness to them.
The limits of the work, and the lack of general knowledge on the subject, rendered it impossible for me to attempt any comparisons with foreign literatures.
Isabel F. Hapgood.
New York, June 6, 1902.
RUSSIAN LITERATURE
CHAPTER I
THE ANCIENT PERIOD, FROM THE EARLIEST TIMES TO THE INTRODUCTION OF CHRISTIANITY IN 988.
Whether Russia had any literature, or even a distinctive alphabet, previous to the end of the tenth century, is not known.
In the year 988, Vladímir, Grand Prince of Kíeff, accepted Christianity for himself and his nation, from Byzantium, and baptized Russia wholesale. Hence his characteristic title in history, "Prince-Saint-equal-to-the-Apostles." His grandmother, Olga, had already been converted to the Greek Church late in life, and had established churches and priests in Kíeff, it is said. Prince Vladímir could have been baptized at home, but he preferred to make the Greek form of Christianity his state religion in a more decided manner; to adopt the gospel of peace to an accompaniment of martial deeds. Accordingly he compelled the Emperors of Byzantium, by force, to send the Patriarch of Constantinople to baptize him, and their sister to become his wife. He then ordered his subjects to present themselves forthwith for baptism. Finding that their idols did not punish