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قراءة كتاب Ontario Teachers' Manuals: Nature Study
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Ontario Teachers' Manuals: Nature Study
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ONTARIO TEACHERS' MANUALS
NATURE STUDY
AUTHORIZED BY THE MINISTER OF EDUCATION
TORONTO
THE RYERSON PRESS
Copyright, Canada, 1915, by
The Minister of Education for Ontario
Second Printing, 1918
Third Printing, 1923
Fourth Printing, 1924
CONTENTS
| Page | |
| Prefatory Note | 1 |
| Course of Study—Details | 3 |
| Chapter I | |
| The Aims of Nature Study; General Methods | 13 |
| Concrete Material | 15 |
| Topics and material must suit the season; matter suited to the child; use of the commonplace; order of development of lesson; problems in observation; note-books and records | 15 |
| The School Garden | 19 |
| Suggestions; Garden Expenses | 20 |
| The Excursion | 23 |
| Its value; difficulties; frequency; suggestions for ungraded schools; the teacher's excursions; a type excursion | 23 |
| Collections | 29 |
| Animal Studies | 29 |
| Domestic animals; references | 29 |
| Birds; references | 30 |
| Insects; insect collections | 34 |
| Butterfly and moth collections | 37 |
| Plant Collections | 39 |
| Chapter II | |
| Physical Science Phase of Nature Study | 42 |
| Instructions and General Method | 42 |
| Value of such lessons; conditions under which experiments should be performed | 42 |
| Correlations of physical science phase | 44 |
| List of Reference Books and Bulletins on garden and plant study, physical science, and animal study | 45 |
| Physical Science—Equipment for Forms III and IV | 47 |
| Desirable apparatus | 47 |
| Chemicals | 48 |
| Apparatus | 50 |
| Grenet cells; decomposition apparatus; pneumatic trough; spirit-lamp; barometer; hygrometer; hints | 50 |
| Time Apportioned to Nature Study | 53 |
| Chapter III. Form I: Autumn | |
| Garden Work | 54 |
| Lessons on a Garden Plant—Pansy | |