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قراءة كتاب Taxonomy of the Chipmunks, Eutamias quadrivittatus and Eutamias umbrinus
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Taxonomy of the Chipmunks, Eutamias quadrivittatus and Eutamias umbrinus
examined.—None.
Eutamias umbrinus fremonti new subspecies
Type.—Male, adult, skull, skin, and baculum, No. 41790 Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist.; from 31 mi. N Pinedale, 8,025 ft., Sublette County, Wyoming; obtained on July 8, 1951, by Rollin H. Baker; original No. 1596.
Diagnosis.—Size large; sides Capucine Yellow; antiplantar surface of hind feet Raw Sienna; postauricular patch grayish white; baculum as in E. u. umbrinus.
Description.—Color pattern: Crown Cinnamon-Buff mixed with gray; upper facial stripe Sepia; ocular stripe Chaetura-Drab; submalar stripe Fuscous Black mixed with Sayal Brown; ear black; anterior margin of ear Mars-Yellow, posterior margin grayish white; hairs inside posterior portion of pinna Dresden-Brown; postauricular patch Pale Smoke Gray; median dorsal dark stripe black; lateral dorsal dark stripe black mixed with Sayal Brown; outermost dorsal dark stripe obsolete, Buckhorn-Brown mixed with black; median pair of dorsal light stripes grayish mixed with Buckhorn-Brown; outer pair of dorsal light stripes creamy white; sides Buckhorn-Brown; rump Pale Smoke Gray mixed with Saccardo's Umber; dorsal surface of tail black mixed with Buckhorn-Brown; ventral surface of tail Sayal Brown; outermost edge of tail Light Buff; antipalmar surface of forefeet Warm Buff; antiplantar surface of hind foot Ochraceous-Tawny; underparts creamy white with dark underfur. Skull: Large, with strong zygomata; braincase well inflated. Baculum: As in E. u. umbrinus.
Comparisons.—From E. u. umbrinus, the subspecies from the Uinta and northern Wasatch Mountains in Utah, E. u. fremonti differs in: Sides darker; antiplantar surfaces of feet darker; postauricular patch grayer; crown more grayish; skull slightly larger.
From E. ruficaudus ruficaudus, the species and subspecies from western Montana, E. u. fremonti differs in: General tone of upper parts, sides, underside of tail, and feet, all darker in coloration; baculum shorter and proportionally twice as wide at base.
For comparison with E. u. montanus, see the account of that subspecies.
Remarks.—The geographic ranges of E. umbrinus fremonti and E. ruficaudus ruficaudus are allopatric and no specimens have ever been taken in the intermediate area to indicate whether or not these two species anywhere occur together. The bacula in the two species differ to the same degree as those of E. quadrivittatus and E. umbrinus. The differences between E. u. fremonti and E. r. ruficaudus are such that in my opinion, E. ruficaudus is a distinct species.
Specimens examined.—Total number, 58.
Montana: Park Co.: Beartooth Mountains, 2 BS.
Idaho: Bonneville Co.: Big Hole Mountains, 9,000 ft., near Irwin, 1 BS.
Wyoming: Yellowstone Park, 2. Park Co.: 16¼ mi. N and 17 mi. W Cody, 5,625 ft., 2. Teton Co.: 1 mi. E and ¼ mi. N Togwotee Pass, 9,800 ft., 2; Amphitheatre Lake, Teton Park, 1 MM; Flat Creek, 4 MM; head of Cache Creek, 4 MM; Jackson, Upper Arizona Creek, 2 MM; Flat Creek-Granite Creek divide, 6 MM; Flat Creek Pass, 1 MM; Flat Creek-Gravel Creek divide, 2 MM. Lincoln Co.: La Barge Creek, 9,000 ft., 2 BS. Fremont Co.: Togwotee Pass, 12; 12 mi. N and 3 mi. W Shoshoni, 4,650 ft., 1; Mosquito Park R. S., 9,500 ft., 17½ mi. W and 2½ mi. N Lander, 1; 17 mi. S and 6½ mi. W Lander, 8,450 ft., 3. Sublette Co.: 31 mi. N Pinedale, 8,025 ft., 2; W side Barbara Lake, 10,300 ft., 8 mi. S and 3 mi. W Fremont Peak, 4; 19 mi. W and 2 mi. S Big Piney, 7,700 ft., 5.
Eutamias umbrinus montanus new subspecies
Type.—Male, adult, skull, skin, and baculum, No. 20105 Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist.; from ½ mi. E and 3 mi. S Ward, 9,400 ft., Boulder County, Colorado; obtained on August 1, 1947, by E. L. Cockrum; original No. 721.
Diagnosis.—Size large; sides Clay Color; antipalmar and antiplantar surfaces of feet Cinnamon-Buff; baculum as in E. u. umbrinus.
Description.—Color pattern: Crown Raw Sienna mixed with gray; upper facial stripe and ocular stripe black mixed with Sepia; submalar stripe Snuff Brown mixed with black; ear black or Sepia, anterior margin Ochraceous-Tawny, posterior margin and postauricular patch grayish white; hairs inside posterior part of pinna Cinnamon-Buff; median dorsal dark stripe black with Sayal Brown along margins; lateral dark stripes black mixed with Sayal Brown; outermost dorsal dark stripes obsolete, Sayal Brown mixed with black; median pair of dorsal light stripes Pale Smoke Gray mixed with Clay Color; outer pair of dorsal light stripes creamy white; sides Clay Color; rump and thighs Neutral Gray; dorsal surface of tail black mixed with Cinnamon-Buff; ventral surface of tail Ochraceous-Tawny; hairs around margin of tail Cinnamon-Buff or Ochraceous-Tawny; antipalmar and antiplantar surfaces of feet Cinnamon-Buff; underparts creamy white with dark underfur. Skull: Large; zygomata strong; braincase well inflated. Baculum: As in E. u. umbrinus.
Comparisons.—From E. quadrivittatus quadrivittatus, the subspecies and species to the south, E. u. montanus differs in: General tone of upper parts darker; braincase significantly narrower; baculum shorter and markedly wider at base.
From E. u. umbrinus, the subspecies from the Uinta and northern Wasatch Mountains, E. u. montanus differs in: General tone of upper parts brighter (less tawny); sides more tawny; skull slightly larger.
From E. u. sedulus, the subspecies from the Henry Mountains of Utah, E. u. montanus differs in: Sides darker; general tone of upper parts darker.
From E. u. fremonti, the subspecies from the mountains of western and northwestern Wyoming, E. u. montanus differs in: General tone of upper parts lighter; hairs around outermost edge of tail tawnier.
Remarks.—Howell (1929:83) stated that the specimens of E. quadrivittatus quadrivittatus (= E. umbrinus montanus) from Estes Park, Long's Peak, and Gold Hill, all in Colorado, "average somewhat darker on the back and sides than typical quadrivittatus; the light dorsal stripes are also somewhat duller and the dark stripes less blackish, thus showing an approach to the characters of umbrinus." Now there are more specimens of E. u. montanus from the mountains of north-central Colorado than were available to Howell. He was not aware of the striking difference between the bacula of E. quadrivittatus and E. umbrinus, and the constancy of this difference between all the subspecies of one species and those of the other.
Although the geographic range of E. u. umbrinus is closer to the ranges of E. u. fremonti and E. u. montanus than to the geographic range of E. u. adsitus, E. u. umbrinus seems to be more closely related to E. u. adsitus than to E. u. fremonti or E. u. montanus. This observation may be explained by the presence of continuous habitat for E. umbrinus between the ranges of E. u. umbrinus and E. u. adsitus, whereas E. u. fremonti and E. u. montanus are each separated from E. u. umbrinus by areas unsuitable for occupancy by E. umbrinus. It must be noted, however, that no actual intergrades between E. u. umbrinus and E. u. adsitus are known.
Specimens examined.—Total number, 36.
Wyoming: Albany Co.: 3 mi. ESE Brown's Peak, 10,000 ft., 2; 3½ mi.