THE ELEMENTS OF BLOWPIPE ANALYSIS

THE

ELEMENTS OF BLOWPIPE

ANALYSIS

BY

FREDERICK HUTTON GETMAN, F.C.S.

INSTRUCTOR IN CHEMISTRY IN THE STAMFORD HIGH SCHOOL

New York
THE MACMILLAN COMPANY
LONDON: MACMILLAN & CO., LTD.
1899

All rights reserved


Copyright, 1899,

By THE MACMILLAN COMPANY.

Norwood Press
J. S. Cushing & Co.—Berwick & Smith
Norwood Mass. U.S.A.

PREFACE

These few pages are intended to serve a twofold purpose,—to give the student a general outline of Blowpipe Analysis, and to introduce him to the methods of Determinative Mineralogy.

Every effort has been made to simplify details so that the book may be used in both High Schools and Colleges.

Tables for "systematic" examination have been intentionally omitted, for in the author's estimation these tend to dull the student's power of observation, and to make him place little value upon minute details.

The alphabetic arrangement has been followed for the sake of convenience when referring to the book.

The last chapter is not intended to serve as a key to determining the minerals therein described, but rather it is added to give the student exercise in Blowpipe Analysis, and at the same time to point out the methods of Determinative Mineralogy.

Finally, the author would acknowledge his indebtedness to the following works: "Manual of Qualitative Analysis," Fresenius; "Qualitative Chemical Analysis," Venable; Roscoe and Schorlemmer's "Treatise on Chemistry"; Foye's "Hand-Book of Mineralogy"; Dana's "Mineralogy"; Kobell's "Tafeln zur Bestimmung der Mineralien"; etc.

Frederick Hutton Getman.

Stamford, Conn.,

Feb. 22, 1899.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER I
PAGE
Apparatus and Reagents 1-7


CHAPTER II

General Outline of Blowpipe Analysis 8

Definitions 9

Examination on Charcoal Alone 10

Examination on Charcoal with Sodium Carbonate 13

Examination in Tube with Sodium Carbonate and Charcoal 15

Examination on Platinum Wire 16

Examination in Borax Bead 17

Examination with Cobalt Nitrate 20


CHAPTER III

General Reactions for the Detection of the Metallic Elements in Simple Compounds 22

Aluminum 23

Antimony 24

Arsenic 25

Bismuth 25

Cadmium 26

Chromium 26

Cobalt 27

Copper 28

Iron 28

Lead 29

Manganese 30

Mercury 30

Nickel 31

Silver 32

Tin 32

Zinc 33

The Alkali Metals