Declined (Berlin, 1913)
          White: J. R. Capablanca. Black: R. Teichmann.

209 10. Petroff Defence (St. Petersburg, 1914)
          White: J. R. Capablanca. Black: F. J. Marshall. 215 11. Ruy Lopez (St. Petersburg, 1914)
          White: J. R. Capablanca. Black: D. Janowski. 221 12. French Defence (New York, 1918)
          White: J. R. Capablanca. Black: O. Chajes. 225 13. Ruy Lopez (New York, 1918)
          White: J. S. Morrison. Black: J.R. Capablanca. 231 14. Queen's Gambit Declined (New York, 1918)
          White: F. J. Marshall. Black: J.R. Capablanca. 238

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CHESS FUNDAMENTALS

PART I

CHAPTER I

First Principles: Endings, Middle-Game and Openings

The first thing a student should do, is to familiarise himself with the power of the pieces. This can best be done by learning how to accomplish quickly some of the simple mates.

1. SOME SIMPLE MATES

Example 1.—The ending Rook and King against King.

The principle is to drive the opposing King to the last line on any side of the board.

In this position the power of the Rook is demonstrated by the first move, R - R 7, which immediately confines the Black King to the last rank, and the mate is quickly accomplished by: 1 R - R 7, K - Kt 1; 2 K - Kt 2.

The combined action of King and Rook is needed to arrive at a position in which mate can be forced. The general principle for a beginner to follow is to

keep his King as much as possible on the same rank, or, as in this case, file, as the opposing King.

When, in this case, the King has been brought to the sixth rank, it is better to place it, not on the same file, but on the one next to it towards the centre.

2...K - B 1; 3 K - B 3, K - K 1; 4 K - K 4, K - Q 1; 5 K - Q 5, K - B 1; 6 K - Q 6.

Not K - B 6, because then the Black King will go back to Q 1 and it will take much longer to mate. If now the King moves back to Q 1, R - R 8 mates at