GAS BURNERS

OLD AND NEW.

ON THE

PROGRESS OF INVENTION IN GAS LIGHTING;

EMBRACING AN ACCOUNT

OF THE

THEORY OF LUMINOUS COMBUSTION.

BY

"OWEN MERRIMAN."

Reprinted from the Journal of Gas Lighting.

London:
WALTER KING,
11, BOLT COURT, FLEET STREET, E. C.

1884.

W. KING AND SELL, PRINTERS,
12, GOUGH SQUARE, FLEET STREET,
LONDON.

PREFACE.

The little work here presented to the public appeared originally in the pages of the Journal of Gas Lighting. In the hope that it may thereby become of service to a wider circle of readers, it has been revised and done into its present shape. The object of the writer will be attained if it is the means of lessening, in any degree, the suspicion and prejudice (born of ignorance) which, alas! yet prevail with regard to gas and gas lighting.

CONTENTS.

CHAPTER I.

The subject of gas-burners and the development of light from coal gas Gas consumers and gas producers. is of considerable interest, alike to the consumer and the producer of gas. When it is known that one burner may develop twice as much light as another, for the same consumption of gas—the first cost of the one being no higher than that of the other—its importance to the former will scarcely be disputed. To the gas consumer it is obviously of great value to know how he may most effectively and economically develop the illuminating power of the gas which is supplied to him; and so obtain the fullest return, in lighting effect, for the money which he expends. Not quite so obvious is its relation to the latter. To a person totally unacquainted with the recent history of gas lighting, and ignorant of the policy which has guided the most prosperous gas undertakings to their successful issues, it may appear that the manufacturer of gas is not closely concerned with the utilization of the commodity which he supplies. Such an one might argue, and with a certain show of reason, that the sole business of the gas maker is with its production; that after providing, in the consumer's service-pipe, a full and continuous supply of gas, of the stipulated quality, his care ends; and that henceforth the utilization and management of the illuminant rests with the consumer himself. But, by any one who is at all conversant with the subject, it will be readily conceded that the interest of the manufacturer of gas, in this matter, is only second to that of the consumer. In the gas industry, as in any other business undertaking, the concern prospers or declines according as the interests of the customers are considered or neglected. This has been conclusively demonstrated in the history of many gas undertakings. So long as their management was conducted in exclusive and selfish regard solely to their own internal affairs—looking with supreme indifference or careless