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قراءة كتاب The Ethnology of the British Colonies and Dependencies
تنويه: تعرض هنا نبذة من اول ١٠ صفحات فقط من الكتاب الالكتروني، لقراءة الكتاب كاملا اضغط على الزر “اشتر الآن"
The Ethnology of the British Colonies and Dependencies
THE
ETHNOLOGY
OF
THE BRITISH COLONIES
AND
DEPENDENCIES.
BY
R. G. LATHAM, M.D., F.R.S.,
CORRESPONDING MEMBER TO THE ETHNOLOGICAL SOCIETY, NEW YORK, ETC. ETC.
JOHN VAN VOORST, PATERNOSTER ROW.
M.DCCC.LI.
Printed by Samuel Bentley and Co.,
Bangor House, Shoe Lane.
CONTENTS.
| PAGE | |
| CHAPTER I. | |
| DEPENDENCIES IN EUROPE. | |
| Heligoland and the Frisians.—Gibraltar and the Spanish Stock.—Malta.—The Ionian Islands.—The Channel Islands. | 1 |
| CHAPTER II. | |
| DEPENDENCIES IN AFRICA. | |
| The Gambia Settlements.—Sierra Leone.—The Gold Coast.—The Cape.—The Mauritius.—The Negroes of America. | 34 |
| CHAPTER III. | |
| BRITISH COLONIES AND DEPENDENCIES IN ASIA. | |
| Aden.—The Mongolian Variety.—The Monosyllabic Languages.—Hong Kong.—The Tenasserim Provinces; Maulmein, Ye, Tavoy, Tenasserim, the Mergui Archipelago.—The Môn, Siamese, Avans, Kariens, and Silong.—Arakhan.—Mugs, Khyens.—Chittagong, Tippera, and Sylhet.—Kuki.—Kasia.—Cachars.—Assam.—Nagas.—Singpho.—Jili.—Khamti.—Mishimi.—Abors and Bor-Abors.—Dufla.—Aka.—Muttucks and Miri, and other Tribes of the Valley of Assam.—The Garo.—Classification.—Mr. Brown's Tables.—The Bodo.—Dhimal.—Kocch.—Lepchas of Sikkim.—Rawat of Kumaon.—Polyandria.—The Tamulian Populations.—Rajmahali Mountaineers.—Kúlis, Khonds, Goands, Chenchwars.—Tudas, &c.—Bhils.—Waralis.—The Tamul, Telinga, Kanara, and Malayalam Languages. | 92 |
| CHAPTER IV.[vi] | |
| The Sanskrit Language.—Its Relations to certain Modern Languages of India; to the Slavonic and Lithuanic of Europe.—Inferences.—Brahminism of the Puranas.—Of the Institutes of Menu.—Extract.—Of the Vedas.—Extract.—Inferences.—The Hindús.—Sikhs.—Biluchi.—Afghans.—Wandering Tribes.—Miscellaneous Populations.—Ceylon.—Buddhism.—Devil-worship.—Vaddahs. | 150 |
| CHAPTER V. | |
| British Dependencies in the Malayan Peninsula.—The Oceanic Stock and its Divisions.—The Malay, Semang, and Dyak Types.—The Orang Binua.—Jakuns.—The Biduanda Kallang.—The Orang Sletar.—The Sarawak Tribes.—The New Zealanders.—The Australians.—The Tasmanians. | 203 |
| CHAPTER VI. | |
| DEPENDENCIES IN AMERICA. | |
| The Athabaskans of the Hudson's Bay Country.—The Algonkin Stock.—The Iroquois.—The Sioux.—Assineboins.—The Eskimo.—The Kolúch.—The Nehanni.—Digothi.—The Atsina.—Indians of British Oregon, Quadra's and Vancouver's Island.—Haidah.—Chimsheyan.—Billichula.—Hailtsa.—Nutka.—Atna.—Kitunaha Indians.—Particular Algonkin Tribes.—The Nascopi.—The Bethuck.—Numerals from Fitz-Hugh Sound.—The Moskito Indians.—South American Indians of British Guiana.—Caribs.—Warows.—Wapisianas.—Tarumas.—Caribs of St. Vincent.—Trinidad. | 224 |
PREFACE.
The following pages represent a Course of Six Lectures delivered at the Royal Institution, Manchester, in the months of February and March of the present year; the matter being now laid before the public in a somewhat fuller and more systematic form than was compatible with the original delivery.
ETHNOLOGY
OF
THE BRITISH DEPENDENCIES.
CHAPTER I.
DEPENDENCIES IN EUROPE.
HELIGOLAND AND THE FRISIANS.—GIBRALTAR AND THE SPANISH STOCK.—MALTA.—THE IONIAN ISLANDS.—THE CHANNEL ISLANDS.
Heligoland.—We learn from a passage in the Germania of Tacitus, that certain tribes agreed with each other in the worship of a goddess who was revered as Earth the Mother; that a sacred grove, in a sacred island, was dedicated to her; and that, in that grove, there stood a holy wagon, covered with a pall, and touched by the priest only. The goddess herself was drawn by heifers; and as long as she vouchsafed her presence among men, there was joy, and feasts, and hospitality; and peace amongst otherwise fierce tribes instead of war and violence. After a time, however, the goddess withdrew herself to her secret temple—satiated with the converse of mankind; and then[2] the wagon, the pall, and the deity herself were bathed in the holy lake. The administrant slaves were sucked up by its waters. There was terror and there was ignorance; the reality being revealed to those alone who thus suddenly passed from life to death.
Now we know, by name at least, five of the tribes who are thus connected by a common worship—mysterious and obscure as it is. They are the Reudigni, the Aviones, the Eudoses, the Suardones, and the Nuithones.
Two others we know by something more than name—the Varini and the Langobardi.
The eighth is our own parent stock—the Angli.
Such is one of the earliest notices of the old creed of our German forefathers; and, fragmentary and indefinite as it is, it is one of the fullest which has reached us. I subjoin the original text, premising that, instead of Herthum, certain MSS. read Nerthum.
"——Langobardos paucitas nobilitat: plurimis ac valentissimis nationibus cincti, non per obsequium sed prœliis et periclitando tuti sunt. Reudigni deinde, et Aviones, et Angli, et Varini, et Eudoses, et Suardones, et Nuithones, fluminibus aut silvis muniuntur: nec quidquam notabile in singulis, nisi quod in commune Herthum, id est, Terram matrem colunt, eamque intervenire rebus hominum, invehi