class="smcap">Nahuatl
of
Anahuac.

God, teot. teotl. Man, tlacat. tlacatl. Woman, ciuat. ciuatl. Head, tzonteco. totzontecon. Foot, hixt. ycxitl. Dog, izcuindi. itzcuintli. Deer, mazat. mazatl. Rabbit, toste. tochtli. Fire, tlet. tletl. Water, at. atl. House, calli. calli. Maize, centl. centli. Rain, quiavit. quiahuitl. Flower, sochit. xochitl. Wind, hecat. ehecatl. Snake coat. coatl. Eagle, oate. quauhtli. Flint, topecat. tecpatl. Mountain, tepec. tepec. One, ce. ce. Two, ome. ome. Three, ye. yei. Four, nau. naui. Five, macuil. macuilli.

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Comparison of the Mangue with the Chapanec.

English.	Mangue of Nicaragua.	Mangue of Anahuac.
Man (homo),	ndijpu.	dipaju.
Man (vir),	nyu'a.	nŏjue, naha.
Woman,	najui.	najui.
Father,	gooha.	youa, poua.
Mother,	ngumu.	goma.
Head,	gu t[chi]ima.	t[chi]ima.
Eye,	nahte.	nate.
Ear,	nyujui.	nojŭa.
Foot,	ngra.	taku.
Ruler (or chief),	mánkeme.	d[chi]amá or mangheme
Dog,	nyumbí.	numbí.
Mouse,	nangi.	nangi.
Bird,	nyuri.	nuri.
Snake,	nule.	nulú.
Fire,	nyayu.	nĭĭú.
Water,	nimbu.	nimbu.
House,	nangu.	nangu.
Maize,	nama.	nama.
Wind,	nitĭú.	tijú.
Hill,	diri, tiri.	dili.
One,	tike.	tike.
Two,	jami.	jumiji.
Three,	hajmi.	jamiji.
Four,	haeme.	jŭamiji.
Five,	jagusmi.	jaŏmiji.

It needs but a cursory glance at these lists to see that, while there is scarcely a dialectic difference between the two Nahuatl columns, and again between the two Mangue columns, there is absolutely no point of contact between Mangue and Nahuatl.

The chief differences between Nicaraguan and pure Nahuatl were, that the former changed the double consonant tl into t, or dropped it altogether; that the c, ch and q were confounded; that, in the conjugation, they dropped the prefix tla, which in pure Nahuatl is employed to indicate that the inanimate object of the verb is not expressed; that certain terminal consonants, as x, were dropped; and apparently that the sounds of s and r, not known to the tongue in its purity, were introduced.

The linguistic relations of the Mangue or Chapanec tongue have never been ascertained. I have compared it with the principal stocks in the northern continent, as well as with the great Tupi-Guarani stem, which has extensive affiliations in Central America, but without discovering any analogies of value. It does appear, however, to have a certain, though far from close, relationship to the Aymara tongue, spoken in the Peruvian Andes, and especially in the vicinity of Lake Titicaca, the celebrated site of a remarkable ancient civilization. The following list of common words seems to indicate this. The Aymara is taken from the dictionary of that tongue, by Father Ludovico Bertonio, while the dialects of the Mangue are discriminated by N, for Nicaraguan, and C, for Chapanec.

Comparison of the Mangue, or Chapanec, of Central America, with the Aymara, of Peru.

English.	Mangue or Chapanec.	Aymara.
Father,	poua (C).	pucara.
Man,	naha (C).	chacha.
Child,	nasungi (N).	iñasu.
Ear,	nyuhui (N).	hinchu.
Eye,	nahte (N).	nahui.
Bone,	nyui (N).	cayu.
Fire,	niiu (C), nyayu (N).	nina.
Water,	nimbu (C).	vma.
River,	naju (C).	mayu, jahu.
Wind,	tihu (C).	thaa.
Feathers,	lari (C).	lauralua (colored).
Maize,	nama (C).	ccama.
Earth,	nekapu (C).	ñeke, clay, yapu, soil.
Sky,	naku paju (C).	hanac (or alakh) pacha.
Blind,	saapi (C).	saapi.
Dumb,	napamu (C).	amu.
Great,	yáka (C).	haccha.
Bitter,	átsi (C).	cata.
Dead,	tuhua (C).	hihua.
To eat,	koita (N).	kauita (to eat apples, etc).
Food,	nomota (C).	mamata.
To go,	ota (C).	aatha.
Thou,	çimo (C).	huma.
You (pl),	çimecmo (C).	humasa.

There are also various grammatical similarities between the two tongues. Both are highly synthetic; in both the division of nouns is "vitalistic," that is, into animate and inanimate; the numeral system is in both the decimal; in both the possessive pronoun follows the noun; both possess the inclusive and exclusive plural; and others could be mentioned.

It is known that the Aymara partakes largely of the elements of the Qquichua, and by some is classified merely as a dialect of that tongue. Such similarities as appear to exist between Mangue and Aymara are, however, less with the words and forms common to these two Peruvian idioms, but rather more with those wherein the Aymara differs from the Qquichua.

With the trenchant differences above indicated, between the Nahuatl and the Mangue, it is the more singular to observe how the Nahuatl obtained the preponderance. We may attribute this to the superior fighting power of the Aztec invaders; to the