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قراءة كتاب The Influence of India and Persia on the Poetry of Germany
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The Influence of India and Persia on the Poetry of Germany
tag="{http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml}a">47 or, when in the "Willehalm" King Tybalt, whose daughter has been carried off, lets his complaint ring out as far as India.48
Examples might be multiplied. But they would all prove the same thing. India and Persia were magic names to conjure with; their languages and literatures were a book with seven seals to mediæval Europe.
FOOTNOTES:
1 Indica, ch. 10.
2 Var. Hist. xii. 48.
3 De Homero, Oratio liii., ed. Dindorf, Lips. 1857, vol. ii. p. 165.
4 Apollonii Vita, iii. 19 et passim.
5 See Jackson, Zoroaster, p. 8.
6 See Benfey, Pantschatantra, Vorrede, p. xxiv and note.
7 See Gaston Paris, La Littérature Française au Moyen Age, Paris, 1888, p. 49 seq. A striking illustration of oral transmission is the origin of the tradition about Prester John, for which see Cathay and the Way thither, ed. Henry Yule, Lond. 1866, Hakluyt Soc. No. 36, 37, vol. i. p. 174 and n. 1.
8 Yule, op. cit. vol. i. pp. 165-167 and p. 197 seq.
9 Ib. pp. 1-161; Latin text in appendix i of vol. ii.
10 Mirabilia Descripta, ed. Henry Yule, London, 1863. Hakluyt Society, No. 31.
11 Yule, Cathay, vol. ii. pp. 311-381.
12 For their accounts see the publications of the Hakluyt Society, 1859 and 1873. Nos. 26 and 49.
13 See Paul Horn, Gesch. Irans in Islamitischer Zeit, in Grdr. iran. Phil. II. p. 578 and note 4; also p. 579. See also Bibl. Asiat. et Afric. par H. Ternaux-Compans, Paris, 1841, under the years 1508, 1512, 1514, 1515, 1516, 1535, 1543, 1579, 1583, etc.
14 English tr. in R.H. Major, India in the Fifteenth Century, London, 1857. Hakluyt Society, No. 22.
15 Hans Schiltbergers Reisebuch ed. Val. Langmantel (BLVS. vol. 172) Tübingen, 1885, p. 79: "In der grossen India pin ich nicht gewesen...."
16 Ibid. p. 164.
17 Friedr. Kunstmann, Die Kenntnis Indiens im 15ten Jahrhunderte, München, 1863, p. 59; Major, op. cit. p. 31.
18 See Albert Bovenschen, Quellen für die Reisebeschreibung des Joh. v. Mandeville, Berl. 1888.
19 See Grässe, J.G.Th., Lehrbuch einer allgem. Literärgesch., 9 vols., Dresd. u. Leipz. 1837-59, Vol. II. pt. 2, pp. 783-785.
20 Latin text publ. by Oswald Zingerle as an appendix to Die Quellen zum Alexander des Rudolf v. Ems in Weinhold Germ. Abhandl. Breslau. 1885, pt. iv.
21 Das Buch der Beispiele der alten Weisen, ed. Wilh. Ludw. Holland, Stuttg. 1860, BLVS. vol. 56.
22 Piper, H.E. iii. pp. 562-632. Joseph Langen, Johannes von Damaskus, Gotha, 1879, pp. 239-255, esp. p. 252, n. 1.
23 Piper, H.E. iii. pp. 216-219.
24 Vetter, Lehrhafte Litteratur des 14. u. 15. Jahrhunderts (KDNL. vol. 12), I. pp. 496-499. For a bibliography of this poem see C. Beyer, Nachgelassene Ged. Friedr. Rückert's, Wien, 1877, pp. 311-320. For a translation of the version in the Mahābhārata see Boxberger, Rückert Studien, p. 94 seq. A translation of a Buddhist sutta on the same subject is given in Edm. Hardy, Indische Religionsgeschichte, Leipz. 1898, pp. 72, 73. Cf. also E. Kuhn, in Böhtlingks Festgruss, Stuttg. 1888, pp. 74, 75.