href="@public@vhost@g@gutenberg@html@files@39551@[email protected]#Page_317" class="pginternal" tag="{http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml}a">317; habit and sense, 319; invalid intuitions, 321; deliberation and intuition, 322; the good man's judgment, 324. § 4. The place of general rules:—Their value, 325; casuistry, 326; and its dangers, 327; secondary ends of utilitarianism, 329; empirical rules and customs, 330; distinction of rules and principles, 333; sympathy and reasonableness, 334.

XVII.   The Place of Duty in the Moral Life: Subjection to Authority 337 Conflict of the rational with the attractive end, 337. § 1. The subjection of desire to law, 339; cause of conflict of desire and thought, 342; demand for transformation of desire, 343; social character of duties, 345; the social self is the "universal" self, 346. § 2. Kantian theory:—Accord with duty versus from duty, 346; the two-fold self of Kant, 347; criticism of Kant, 348; emphasis falls practically on political authority, 351; "Duty for duty's sake," 351. § 3. The Utilitarian theory of duty:—The hedonistic problem, 353; Moral sanctions, 354; they are too external, 355; Bain's account, 356; Spencer's account, 358; such views set up a fictitious non-social self, 361. § 3. Final statement:—Growth requires disagreeable readjustments, 362. XVIII.   The Place of the Self in the Moral Life 364 Problems regarding the self, 364. § 1. The doctrine of self-denial:—Explanation of its origin, 365; four objections to doctrine, 366. § 2. Self-assertion:—Ethical dualism, 369; "naturalistic" ethics, 369; false biological basis, 371; misinterprets nature of efficiency, 373. § 3. Self-love and benevolence; or egoism and altruism:—The "crux" of ethical speculation, 375; are all motives selfish? 376; ambiguity of term selfish, 377; are results selfish? 379; self-preservation, 380; rational regard for self, 382; regard for others, 384; the existence of "other-regarding" impulses, 385; altruism may be immoral, 387; social justice necessary to moral altruism, 389. § 4. The good as self-realization:—Self-realization an ambiguous idea, 391; true and false consideration of the self, 393; equation of personal and general happiness, 395. XIX.   The Virtues 399 Introductory—virtue defined, 399; natural ability and virtue, 400; evolution of virtues, 401; responsibility for moral judgment, 402; futility of cataloguing virtues, 402; their cardinal aspects, 403. § 1. Temperance:—Greek, Roman, and Christian conceptions, 405; negative and positive aspects, 407; pleasure and excitement, 408. § 2. Courage or persistent vigor:—Dislike of the disagreeable, 410; "dimensions" of courage, 411; optimism and pessimism, 412. § 3. Justice:—Three meanings of, 414; justice and love, 415; justice and punishment, 416. § 4. Wisdom or conscientiousness:—Importance of intelligent interest, 418; Greek and modern ideas of moral wisdom, 419; ideals and thoughtfulness, 420; ideals and progress, 422. PART III

The World of Action XX.   Social Organization and the Individual 427 Object of discussion, 427. § 1. Growth of individuality through social organizations:—Emancipation from custom, 428; double movement towards individuality and complex associations, 429; morality and legality, 432; two-fold contribution of social environment to individual morality, 433; moral value of the state, 434. § 2. Responsibility and freedom:—Liability, 436; freedom as exemption and as power, public@vhost@g@gutenberg@html@files@39551@[email protected]#Page_437"