Conflict of David and Goliath, the Soldiers at the Holy Sepulchre, and the Martyrdom of Thomas à Becket, very fertile in illustrations of ancient military equipment.

130   35. From fragment of a vellum-painting, of the close of the eleventh century, figured in Hefner's Trachten. The body-armour appears to be of scale-work, and is silvered in the original. The chausses of the figures in the rear are coloured red. 132   36. Another figure from Harl. MS. 603. (See description of woodcut, No. 33.) The costume is described at page 133. This is the only instance in the book, which contains some hundreds of figures, where the dress of scale-work appears. 133   37. David and Goliath: from an initial letter of a Latin Bible written in Germany, for the use of the Premonstratensian Monastery of S. Maria de Parco, near Louvain. Additional MS. 14,789, fol. 10. This MS. has a particular value from its being dated; it was written in 1148. See the rubric on fol. 197 of vol. i., and the Colophon. The costumes are described at page 134. 135   38. Figure of Goliath: from a Latin Bible written about 1170. "Hic liber pertinet ad Ecclesiam Beatæ Mariæ Virginis in Suburbio Wormatiensis." Harl. MS. 2,803. Goliath is armed in the nasal helmet and hauberk of chain-mail. The chausses are of an unusual pattern, and do not appear to be of a defensive character. 136   39. Sculpture of St. George, from the tympanum of a door in the church of Ruardean, Gloucestershire. Date, the first half of the twelfth century. The body-armour of the knight is not now indicated, but may have been formerly expressed by painting. The helmet is of the well-known Phrygian form. A mantle streaming in many folds behind the champion shews the impetuosity of his attack. A brooch secures the mantle in front. The heel is furnished with a goad spur. 137   40. Group representing Abraham receiving bread and wine from Melchisedech: an enamel of the close of the twelfth century, preserved in the Louvre collection. The patriarch wears the hauberk of chain-mail over a tunic; the coif of the hauberk being surmounted by a conical nasal helmet. Over the armour is worn a cloak, fastening at the right shoulder. We borrow this illustration from Mr. Way's excellent paper on the Enamels of the Middle-ages, in the second volume of the "Archæological Journal". 138   41. Seal of Conan, duke of Britanny and earl of Richmond: 1165-71. From Harleian Charter, 48, G. 40. See Nicholas' "Synopsis of the Peerage," vol. ii. p. 534, for the history of this duke. He wears the hauberk with continuous coif surmounted by the conical steel casque. The triangular shield is of large proportions. The saddle-cloth is of an unusual fashion. 140   42. Great Seal of King Stephen. The armour consists of hauberk with continuous coif, surmounted by a helmet of Phrygian form. Behind the head are seen the ties which fastened the coif or the casque. The bowed kite-shield is curious from the spiked projection in front. Compare woodcut, No. 30. 144   43. Great Seal of King Henry II. The body-armour, consisting of hauberk and chausses, appears to be of chain-mail. The helmet has a nasal, and the kite-shield, seen in the inside, shews very distinctly the manner of fixing the straps forming the enarme and the guige. 151   44. Another Great Seal of King Henry II. Drawn from impressions attached to Cotton Charter, ii. 5; and Harl. Charters, 43, C. 20; 43, C. 22; and 43, C. 25. This seal is chiefly remarkable from the capacious and highly enriched saddle-cloth. The body-armour of the king appears to be of the usual chain-mail. The conical nasal helmet has been already seen in previous monuments. 170   45. The Keep of Porchester Castle, Hampshire. Built about 1150. It exhibits the type of a Norman stronghold: windows small below, but larger in the higher stories; walls of great thickness near the base, and of reduced proportions above. An excellent essay on Military Architecture in the first volume of the "Archæological Journal" will afford a good insight into the arrangements of a castle of the Norman period. See also the Architecture Militaire du Moyen-Age, by M. Viollet-le-Duc. The Winchester Volume of the Archæological Institute will supply a particular description of Porchester Castle. 189   46. Knightly effigy from Haseley Church, Oxfordshire. The sculpture appears to be of the middle of the thirteenth century, and affords an excellent type of the military costume of this age. The knight wears the hauberk of chain-mail over a gambeson (seen at the skirt), with chausses of chain-mail. The sleeveless surcoat is girt at the waist by a narrow belt, from which the sword-carriage is suspended. To equip the